Sakura 櫻花植物分類學： 薔薇科＞ 李屬 ＞ 櫻亞屬 ＞ 櫻花
2023年4月28日 星期五
Sakura 櫻花
2023年4月27日 星期四
Northern Lights 北極光
Northern Lights 北極光
2023-4-23夜至4-24晨全加拿大北極光大爆發，可惜阿省絕大部份地區密雲，極光受密雲影響能見度會較低，從雲層分佈圖及風向流動圖分析，判定在離家東南方250至350公里左右的地區在當夜雲層稀薄，視野理想，所以一個人雙槍匹馬(兩台照相機及一輛破車)就衝了過去，一邊開車一邊抬頭尋找沒有烏雲的天空，如預期的找到理想的地點，兩台照相機從黃昏九點一直不停的拍到早上三點，總算有點收獲，沒有白跑一趟。
What do magnetic field strength and “Bz” have to do with the aurora?-- By Sean McCloat
在這個特別的太空天氣博客系列的第一部分中，我們介紹了太陽風和地球磁層之間的基本關係，這種關係導致極光的產生，並開始討論直接影響極光產生的太陽風的不同性質（例如密度和速度）。在這裡，我們將更詳細地探討磁力的作用，以及"Bz"所指的內容。
磁力在決定太陽風和地球之間相互作用方面扮演著最重要的角色之一。除了帶走太陽粒子外，太陽風還將太陽的磁場吹向太陽系的其他部分。太陽的擴展磁場稱為星際磁場（IMF），它可以與受地球磁場影響的太空區域相互作用，這個區域被稱為磁層。如果你曾經玩過磁鐵，那麼你就知道磁鐵的行為方式取決於它們相互之間的排列方式。太陽風帶來的IMF和地球磁層之間的相互作用也依賴於它們磁場線的方向相對排列的方式。
地球的磁場線“指向”北極，這個方向從南到北被稱為z方向。x方向從地球指向太陽，y方向從東向西指向。（見下圖）
In the first part of this special space weather blog post series, we introduce the basic relationship between the solar wind and Earth’s magnetosphere that causes aurora and start to discuss the different properties of the solar wind (like density and speed) that directly affect production of the aurora. Here, we go into more detail about the role of magnetism and what “Bz” refers to.
Magnetism plays one of the most significant roles in determining the interactions between the solar wind and Earth. In addition to carrying solar particles away from the Sun, the solar wind blows the magnetic field of the Sun out to the rest of the solar system. The Sun’s extended magnetic field is called the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and it can interact with the region of space around Earth influenced by our magnetic field, called the magnetosphere. If you have ever played with magnets, then you know the way magnets behave depends on how they are lined up to one another. Interactions between the IMF carried by the solar wind and Earth’s magnetosphere are similarly dependent on how the directions of their magnetic field lines line up relative to each other.
Earth’s magnetic field lines “point” towards the north pole, and this direction from south to north is referred to as the z-direction. The x-direction points from Earth towards the Sun, and the y-direction points from east to west. (see below)
一般磁場強度以B表示，而Bz指的是磁場在南北方向上的強度。如果日冕物質抛射的Bz是向北的（紅色ACE數據中記錄為正值），那麼星際磁場線與地球磁場線的方向是一致的。因此，這兩組磁場線之間的相互作用是最小的，極光活動也是最少的。這種效應有點像兩個磁鐵排列在一起，相互排斥。
如果Bz是向南的（在紅色ACE數據中記錄為負值），那麼IMF磁場線的方向與地球磁場線的方向相反。當這種排列發生時，它會通過磁重聯這種能量轉移過程允許地球磁場線的重排列。
Magnetic field strength in general is denoted as B, and Bz refers to the strength of the magnetic field in the north-south direction. If the Bz of the Coronal Mass Ejection is northward (recorded as positive values in the red ACE data) then the IMF lines are pointing in the same direction as Earth’s magnetic field lines. As a result, the interaction between the two sets of field lines is minimal and auroral activity is also minimal. The effect is kind of like two magnets lined up and repelling each other.
If the Bz is southward (recorded as negative values in the red ACE data), then the IMF field lines are pointing in the opposite direction as Earth’s magnetic field lines. When this alignment occurs, it allows for the reconfiguration of Earth’s magnetic field lines by an energy transfer process called magnetic reconnection.
向南的Bz會“剝離”地球磁層太陽側的磁場線，並將它們沉積在磁層的長尾區域，也就是夜晚的區域。更大的向南Bz值可以讓太陽磁場線更有效地向地球轉移能量，這樣就會產生更炫麗的極光。
這聽起來好像很複雜，有沒有簡化的方法呢？
事實上，有！Aurorasaurus項目的科學家們將這些ACE測量值（IMF的速度、強度和方向）結合在一起，形成了一個很方便的值，稱為“太陽風功率”！通過檢查太陽風功率，您可以快速地獲得關於當前吹過地球的太陽風會產生多強極光的好主意。
Southward Bz acts in such a way to “peel” the magnetic field lines from the Sun-side of Earth’s magnetosphere and layer them on the night-side, in the magnetosphere’s long tail . A larger southward Bz value allows for a more effective energy transfer from the Sun’s magnetic field lines to the Earth’s and this creates a more vibrant aurora.
This all sounds like a lot to keep track of. Is there any way to simplify it?
As a matter of fact, there is! The scientists working behind the scenes on the Aurorasaurus project combine some of these ACE measurements (the speed, strength and direction of the IMF) into one handy dandy value called SOLAR WIND POWER! By checking the solar wind power, you will quickly be able to get a good idea of how strongly the solar wind that is currently blowing past Earth will generate aurora.
In part 3: stay tuned for more detail on our Solar Wind Power and how it compares to other measurements of geomagnetic activity, like the Kp index!
2023年4月19日 星期三
Iris flowers 鳶尾花
鳶尾花
Iris
AI prompt: ［Image-1］chinese painting of blossoming blue and purple iris flowers next to rocks, in the style of minimalistic brushstrokes, fine lines, delicate curves, light magenta and light black, flowing draperies, richly colored, graceful balance, fluid simplicity --ar 125:224 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #4 @CWLEE
AI 提示: ［圖像-1］紫藍色鳶尾花綻放於石頭旁的中國畫，風格簡約，筆觸細膩，曲線優美，略帶淺洋紅和淺黑色，繪有飄逸的布紋，色彩豐富，優美的平衡和流暢的簡潔感， --ar 125:224 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #4 @CWLEE
鳶尾花是一種分布於全球的常見花卉。它原產於歐洲、北美和亞洲，並在許多其他地區被栽培。這種植物有200多個不同的物種，花的顏色可以從白色和黃色到藍色、紫色和紅色不等。
在古希臘神話中，鳶尾是彩虹女神和眾神的信使。鳶尾花是以她的名字命名的，被認為代表了天堂和地球之間的聯繫。
在法國，菱花徽章（一種鳶尾花的風格化版本）是該國君主制的象徵，代表純潔和無邪，也是法國的國花。
在日本，鳶尾被稱為“菖蒲”，與武士戰士相關聯。它被認為是力量、勇氣和勇氣的象徵。
在中國，鳶尾被稱為“旋葉子”，常被用於傳統醫學中治療各種疾病。它也是好運的象徵，與春天的開始相關聯。
在北美，鳶尾花通常與田納西州相關聯，該州的州花就是鳶尾花。它也是多發性硬化基金會的象徵，該基金會使用這朵花來代表希望和信念。
The Iris is a common flower found all over the world. It is native to Europe, North America, and Asia, and has been cultivated in many other regions. The plant has over 200 different species, and the flowers can range in color from white and yellow to blue, purple, and red.
In ancient Greek mythology, Iris was the goddess of the rainbow and the messenger of the gods. The Iris flower was named after her, and it was believed to represent a connection between heaven and earth.
In France, the Fleur-de-lis, which is a stylized version of the Iris flower, is a symbol of the country's monarchy and represents purity and innocence. It is also the national flower of France.
In Japan, the Iris is known as "shobu" and is associated with samurai warriors. It is considered a symbol of strength, courage, and valor.
In China, the Iris is called "xuan ye zi" and is often used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. It is also a symbol of good luck and is associated with the start of spring.
In North America, the Iris is often associated with the state of Tennessee, where it is the state flower. It is also the symbol of the Multiple Sclerosis Foundation, which uses the flower to represent hope and faith.
AI prompt: a watercolor painting of a painting of iris flowers, in the style of influenced by ancient chinese art, light navy and purple, subtle shading, whistlerian, kanō school, captures the essence of nature, pictorial fabrics --ar 148:107 --q 1 --v 5 - @CWLEE (Open on website for full quality) (fast)
AI 提示: 一幅以古代中國藝術風格為靈感的鳶尾花水彩畫，顏色以淺藍和紫色為主，細緻的陰影呈現了惠斯勒式和繪畫家狩野派的風格，捕捉了自然的精髓，畫面宛如圖案編織 --ar 148:107 --q 1 --v 5 - @CWLEE (Open on website for full quality) (fast)
AI prompt: watercolor of purple iris flowers, in the style of asian-inspired motifs, western zhou dynasty, subtle use of shading, naturalistic depictions, soft shading, naturecore, sōsaku hanga --ar 148:107 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #2 @CWLEE
AI 提示: 紫色鳶尾花的水彩畫，風格融合亞洲設計元素，融入西周風格，細膩的陰影運用展現出自然主義的描繪手法，軟和的陰影呈現出大自然的美感，具備自然核心理念，並受到創作版畫派的影響 --ar 148:107 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #2 @CWLEE
AI prompt: the drawing features three irises on grass, in the style of botanical watercolors, li tiefu, light navy and purple, carolyn blish, soft watercolors, eastern zhou dynasty --ar 148:107 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #1 @CWLEE
AI 提示: 三朵生長在草地上的鳶尾花，風格為植物水彩風格，受到李鐵夫、卡羅琳·比利斯、等藝術家的影響，畫面以淺藍和紫色為主，色彩柔和細膩，呈現出東周的風格 --ar 148:107 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #1 @CWLEE
AI prompt: the drawing features three irises on grass, in the style of botanical watercolors, li tiefu, light navy and purple, carolyn blish, soft watercolors, eastern zhou dynasty --ar 148:107 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #1 @CWLEE
AI 提示: 三朵生長在草地上的鳶尾花，風格為植物水彩風格，受到李鐵夫、卡羅琳·比利斯、等藝術家的影響，畫面以淺藍和紫色為主，色彩柔和細膩，呈現出東周的風格 --ar 148:107 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #1 @CWLEE
AI prompt: the drawing features three irises on grass, in the style of botanical watercolors, li tiefu, light navy and purple, carolyn blish, soft watercolors, eastern zhou dynasty --ar 148:107 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #1 @CWLEE
AI 提示: 三朵生長在草地上的鳶尾花，風格為植物水彩風格，受到李鐵夫、卡羅琳·比利斯、等藝術家的影響，畫面以淺藍和紫色為主，色彩柔和細膩，呈現出東周的風格 --ar 148:107 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #1 @CWLEE
2023年4月15日 星期六
White horse 白馬
春郊試馬
Spring countryside horse trial
AI Prompts: ［Pic-1］jiantu chinese paintings a young beautiful lady and white horse, white and blur background, in the style of digital art techniques, gray and blue, rob hefferan, naoko takeuchi, disfigured forms, digital art, symbolic use of animals --ar 3:4 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #1 @CWLEE
AI 繪圖提示: ［圖像-1］中國簡圖,年輕美麗的女子和一匹白馬，白色和模糊的背景，採用數碼繪圖筆法，灰色和藍色，羅布·赫費蘭、武內直子等畫師風格，使用了脫穎的形式和動物的象徵意義，傳統中國繪畫的風格。 --ar 3:4 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #1 @CWLEE
AI Prompts: ［Pic-2］Chinese lady left hand visible holding the leash, riding a white horse, painting in the style of digital airbrushing, the blue rider, naoko takeuchi, brent heighton, light gray and indigo, fatima ronquillo, gesture --ar 3:4 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #3 @CWLEE
AI 繪圖提示:［圖像-2］ 中國女士拿著拴繩，騎在白馬背上，風格類似於數碼噴繪，融合了藍騎士、武內直子、布倫特·海頓、淡灰色和靛藍色、法蒂瑪·朗基洛等元素的姿態表現。 --ar 3:4 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #3 @CWLEE
2023年4月13日 星期四
Brook 流水
煙鎖秦樓
香冷金猊，被翻紅浪，起來慵自梳頭。任寶奩塵滿，日上簾鉤。生怕離懷別苦，多少事、欲說還休。新來瘦，非於病酒，不是悲秋。 休休，這回去也，千萬遍陽關，也則難留。念武陵人遠，煙鎖秦樓。惟有樓前流水，應念我、終日凝眸。凝眸處，從今又添，一段新愁。
AI Prompts: ［Pic-1］a woman is standing in a room facing the distant mountains and houses, in the style of traditional chinese landscape, mysterious nocturnal scenes, high dynamic range, made of mist, historical illustration, dark brown and green, illustration --ar 248:331 --q 1 --v 5 - Variations by @CWLEE (fast)
AI 提示: ［圖-1］女土站在房間中，面向遠山樓房，傳統中國山水畫風格，神秘夜景，高動態範圍，濃霧，歷史插畫，深棕色和綠色主調。 --ar 248:331 --q 1 --v 5 - Variations by @CWLEE (fast)
樓前流水
AI Prompts: ［Pic-2］a painting of a river with trees on it, a chinese lady on the bridge, light emerald and dark aquamarine, heavy fog and mist, romantic and nostalgic themes, in the style of alan lee, chinese cultural themes, tranquil gardenscapes --ar 2:3 --q 1 --v 5
AI 提示: ［圖-2］一幅河邊有樹的畫，橋上站着中國女士，淺祖母綠和深海藍寶石色調，濃霧，浪漫和懷舊的主題，艾倫·李的水彩風格，中國文化主題，寧靜的園林景觀 --ar 2:3 --q 1 --v 5
2023年4月9日 星期日
Laziness 慵
懶洋洋地躺著，都舒服到讓我們不願起來
The silk bed spread Now lies in disarray
AI Prompts:［Pic-1］ a slim Chinese woman laying lazily on a bed with red silk disarrayed bedspread, long legs, monochromatic serenity, white silk thin pajamas, minimalist textiles, --ar 100:75 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #3 @CWLEE
AI 提示：［Pic-1］一個苗條的中國女人懶洋洋地躺在床上，紅色絲綢凌亂的床罩，長腿，寧靜單色，白絲綢輕便睡衣，極簡主義紡織品，--ar 100:75 --q 1 --v 5 - 圖片#3 @CWLEE
2023年4月8日 星期六
Zhouzhuang 周莊
周莊 - 中國第一水鄉
Zhouzhuang - elegant watery views
AI 提示: ［Pic-1］沙冬班森繪製的橋灘橋畫作，採用水墨風格，馬塞爾·穆利 之黑白水墨，杜桑·朱卡里奇 之墨點畫，玩味水彩，中國橋畫作，採用吳冠中的村莊風格，卡米爾·維維耶，瑪麗·費登，水墨畫，輪廓描繪，中國周莊文化主題。
AI Prompts: ［Pic-1］ the huidong bridge painting by sandon bamson, in the style of ink and wash, marcel mouly, black and white ink, dusan djukaric, inkblots, playful watercolors, chinese bridge painting, in the style of wu guanzhong, villagecore, camille vivier, mary fedden, ink wash, contoured shading, chinese cultural themes of Zhouzhuang.
Wheat Field 麥田
Wheat Field 麥田An exercise of creating a romantic landscape
浪漫風景圖像練習
Prompts:［Pic-1］ a woman wearing thin white silk gown dresses is standing in a vast field of wheat to an atypical setting, in the style of amber, photo-realistic landscapes, wimmelbilder, romantic landscapes, luminous shadowing, dark orange and gold --ar 125:184 --q 1 --v 5 - Image #3 @CWLEE
提示： 穿著薄薄的白色絲綢長裙的女士站在廣闊的麥田中，非典型的琥珀色背景、逼真的風景、德國維默爾圖片風格、浪漫風景、發光陰影、深橙色和金色主調。
2023年4月7日 星期五
Sleeping Posture 睡姿
AI 睡姿產成的技術練習
Exercise to create an AI Sleeping Posture
AI 睡姿產成的技術練習。影像初稿 Draft-1 (最後一張) 光影及色調效果不理想，把初稿通過 Photoshop 後期製作調整出三張不同風格的影像(即二稿、三稿、四稿)，效果都稍微優於初稿。
Local highlight and shadow adjustment, global and local saturation adjustment in Photoshop.
Photoshop 局部高光及暗影調整，整體及細部色調及飽和度調整。
Desaturated Contrast adjustment in Photoshop Raw Preset Filters
減飽和度及增鮮明度調整。
Monochrome in Sapia adjustment.
棕單色濾光調整。
初稿 Draft-1
AI 提示: Prompts: ［Pic-1］［Pic-2］［Pic-3］［Pic-4］ a woman is laying in her Chinese thinning silk night gown, in the style of layered mesh, whimsical feel, muted, dreamy symbolism, surreal fashion photography, photo taken with provia, blink-and-you-miss-it detail, --ar 16:9 --q 1 --v 5 @CWLEE (fast)
2023年4月6日 星期四
Volcanoes on Venus 金星的火山
金星的火山
Volcanoes on Venus今天出版的金星上所有火山的分佈地圖:
We Now Have a Map of all 85,000 Volcanoes on Venus
金星距離地球有多遠取決於它們在繞太陽的軌道上的相對位置。
在它們最接近的時候，當兩顆行星在太陽的同一側時，金星和地球之間的距離可以縮短到約3800萬公里。這被稱為內合。
在它們最遠的距離時，即是金星和地球分隔在太陽不同的方向時，這兩顆行星之間的距離可以達到約2.61億公里。這被稱為外合。
平均而言，金星距離地球約1.5億公里。
The distance between Venus and Earth varies depending on their relative positions in their orbits around the Sun.
At their closest approach, when both planets are on the same side of the Sun, Venus and Earth can be as close as about 38 million kilometers (23.7 million miles) apart. This is known as inferior conjunction.
At their farthest distance, when Venus is on the opposite side of the Sun from Earth, the two planets can be as far apart as about 261 million kilometers (162 million miles). This is known as superior conjunction.
On average, Venus is about 150 million kilometers (93 million miles) away from Earth.
金星上有85,000個火山，分布在整個星球上。這些火山口的大小從不到5公里到超過100公里不等， 99％的金星火山口的直徑都小於5公里。
儘管金星幾乎與地球相同大小和成分，但它沒有板塊構造，因此所有金星的內部熱量可能都通過其火山口釋放出來。
金星上的火山口數量與地球相比如何？現在，地球上有大約1,350座潛在活火山，但海洋下的火山數量尚不清楚。我們還不知道地球歷史上有多少火山活動。當然，金星沒有海洋，也沒有風化來改變星球表面。但我們知道，地球表面（海拔和海平面以上）超過80％是由火山活動產生的。
英文原稿:
We Now Have a Map of all 85,000 Volcanoes on Venus
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